Boring and tests:
Soil test – No guessing- Liability
Test pits: Simple excavation, visual excavation of soil condition, soil layer in open pit (access to soil). Do not go below water table
Wash borings: >100′, use 2″ or 4″ diameter + water jet to soften soil to find bed rock (mistake => boulder is not bedrock)
Soil load: Use loading platform, incremental load applied, pressure continues till settlement becomes regular loadings, test= (2) contemplated load tests
Core boring: More cost, more reliable, penetrates thru, diamond blade cut thru rocks, 5″sample taken out for tests. # of bores, locations, Geotechnical Engineer to analyze for city
Dry samples: Drive pipes with special sampling and tip, 5” samples/lifted/stored/test every 5” each, # of bore, location, plus depth
Properties >>>>>>>>>> Foundations >>>>>>>>>>>>Soil bearings
Specific gravity: Density/density of water used to determine void ratio
Grain size: For granular soil) to determine permeability, frost action, compaction, shear strength
Grain shape: To estimate shear strength
Liquid/ plastic limit: (In cohesive soil) to determine compressibility & compaction values
Water content: (Cohesive soil)
Void ratio: To determine compressibility
Slump test: To measure the consistency of a mix. Concrete, mortar and grout stiff to loose.
Unconfined compression: (Cohesive soil) to estimate shear strength
Percolation test: On site sewage disposal for property “not” evaporation test, soil alkalinity, or soil density
Soil exploration & testing: Intrinsic character of soil. “Not” bearing capacity, depth or water table or bedrock
Proctor test: Optimum moisture content and density of soil.
Test boring: Highly accurate data for specific site.
Compacted fill: If soil is soft. Remove and replace with compacted soil. Fill or imported soil. Compact every 6” layer (sheep foot roller). Compacted fill needed for buildings, walkways and pavements.
Sub surface investigation reports includes
-Field results
-Laboratory results
-Foundation type recommendation
“Not”
-Soil sieve analysis: This is an inner component data only important to lab. analyst
Number of test boring when uniform sub surface. More spaced boring; When building foot print is more complex & square feet is high number of test boring increases
“Not” affected: Encountering firm strata; Regardless of strata, boring extends to 20′ min. unless rock is encountered
Geotechnical Engineer: Provides soil characteristics plus bearing capacity of soil
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