The other standard is written by National Fire Protection Association, NFPA99. In this standard which in near future will be considered as code, the gases used in medical industry are subdivided into three categories for 2005 and four in 2012. The categories are based on level of injuries or death that is caused during the operations:
|
NFPA99- 2005 |
Gas and Vacuum Systems | |
| Level 1 | “System serving patients where an interruption of the piped gas or vacuum system would place patients in imminent danger of morbidity or mortality.” In other words, Facilities where an interruption of the piped systems would place the patients in immediate danger of morbidity or mortality. This is usually limited to hospitals where patients are dependent for life on the gases or where mechanical ventilation is utilized at any time. |
Section 5.1 |
| Level 2 | “Interruption of system would place patient at manageable risk of morbidity or mortality.” In other words: Facilities where an interruption in the piped systems would place the patients at manageable risk of morbidity or mortality. This is limited to facilities that stand apart from hospitals, are not interconnected to hospital medical gases, and the patients do not require mechanical ventilation or assisted mechanical ventilation, including during anesthesia |
Section 5.2 |
| Level 3 | Interruption of system would terminate procedure but would not put patient at risk.” Facilities where interruptions in the piped systems would terminate procedures but would not place the patients at risk of morbidity or mortality. The facility’s total quantity of gases, except nitrogen, does not exceed 3,000 cubic feet, and only cylinders are used to supply oxygen and nitrous oxide to the facility (exception for cryogenic liquid oxygen). This is usually limited to occupancies like dental offices. |
Section 5.3 |
| Level 4 | In NFPA 2012 not in 2005 | |
The Other code is the Uniform Plumbing Code, Chapter 13 that controls the medical gas design and installation.
|
Table 13-3 MINIMUM OUTLETS/INLETS PER STATION |
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|
LOCATION |
OXYGEN |
MEDICAL |
MEDICAL |
NITROUS |
NITROGEN |
HELIUM |
CARBON |
|
|
VACUUM |
AIR |
OXIDE |
DIOXIDE |
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| 4. Vacuum inlets required are in addition to any inlets used as part of a scavenging system for removal of anesthetizing gases. | ||||||||
| Patient rooms for medical/surgical, obstetrics, and pediatrics | 1/bed | 1/bed | 1/bed | — | — | — | — | |
| Examination/treatment for nursing units | 1/bed | 1/bed | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Intensive care (all) | 3/bed | 3/bed | 2/bed | — | — | — | — | |
| Nursery- Includes pediatric nursery. | 2/bed | 2/bed | 1/bed | — | — | — | — | |
| General operating rooms | 2/room | 3/room4 | 2/room | 1/room | 1/room | — | — | |
| Cytoscopic and invasive special procedures | 2/room | 3/room4 | 2/room | — | — | — | — | |
| Recovery delivery and labor/delivery/recovery rooms- Includes obstetric recovery. | 2/bed | 2/bed | 1/bed | — | — | — | — | |
| 2/room | 3/room4 | 1/room | ||||||
| Labor rooms | 1/bed | 1/bed | 1/bed | — | — | — | — | |
| First aid and emergency treatment- Emergency trauma rooms used for surgical procedures shall be classified as general operating rooms. | 1/bed | 1/bed4 | 1/bed | — | — | — | — | |
| Autopsy | — | 1/station | 1/station | — | — | — | — | |
| Anesthesia workroom | 1/station | — | 1/station | — | — | — | — | |
|
TABLE 13-5 OUTLET RATING FOR VACUUM PIPING SYSTEMS |
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FREE-AIR ALLOWANCE, EXPRESSED AS CFM (LPM) AT 1 ATMOSPHERE |
ZONE ALLOWANCES CORRIDORS-RISERS MAIN SUPPLY LINE-VALVES |
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|
LOCATION OF MEDICAL-SURGICAL VACUUM OUTLETS |
PER ROOM |
PER OUTLET |
SIMULTANEOUS USAGE, FACTOR PERCENT |
AIR TO BE TRANSPORTED CFM (LPM)- Free air at 1 atmosphere |
| Operating Rooms | ||||
| Major “A” (Radical, Open Heart) |
3.5 (99.1) |
– |
100 |
3.5 (99.1) |
| (Organ Transplant) |
3.5 (99.1) |
– |
100 |
3.5 (99.1) |
| (Radical Thoracic) |
3.5 (99.1) |
– |
100 |
3.5 (99.1) |
| Major “B”(All Other Major ORs) |
2.0 (56.6) |
– |
100 |
2.0 (56.6) |
| Minor |
1.0 (28.3) |
– |
100 |
1.0 (28.3) |
| Delivery Rooms |
1.0 (28.3) |
– |
100 |
1.0 (28.3) |
| Recovery Rooms (Post-Anesthesia) and Intensive Care Units (a minimum of 2 outlets per bed in each such department) | ||||
| 1st outlet at each bed |
– |
3.0 (85.0) |
50 |
1.5 (42.5) |
| 2nd outlet at each bed |
– |
1.0 (28.3) |
50 |
0.5 (14.2) |
| 3rd outlet at each bed |
– |
1.0 (28.3) |
10 |
0.1 (2.8) |
| All others at each bed |
– |
1.0 (28.3) |
10 |
0.1 (2.8) |
| Emergency Rooms |
– |
1.0 (28.3) |
100 |
1.0 (28.3) |
| Patient Rooms | ||||
| Surgical |
– |
1.0 (28.3) |
50 |
0.5 (14.2) |
| Medical |
– |
1.0 (28.3) |
10 |
0.1 (2.8) |
| Nurseries |
– |
1.0 (28.3) |
10 |
0.1 (2.8) |
| Treatment and Examining Rooms |
– |
0.5 (14.2) |
10 |
0.05 (1.4) |
| Autopsy Area |
– |
2.0 (56.6) |
20 |
0.4 (11.3) |
| Inhalation Therapy, Central Supply and Instructional Areas |
– |
1.0 (28.3) |
10 |
0.1 (2.8) |
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